Window

Window API 类允许显示包含自定义内容的窗口，类似于 WinForms 和 WPF。

在创建 cBot、插件和指标时，使用 WinForms 和 WPF 会带来一些问题。例如，算法必须将调用从 WPF 和 WinForms 线程分派到 cBot 或指标线程，这并不理想。依赖内置的 Window 类是一个更快、更简单的解决方案。

在处理窗口时，您可以使用 自定义控件 作为其内容。例如，您可以创建一个 Grid 控件并将其放置在窗口中。

与 消息框 类似，窗口的样式与其他 cTrader 对话框窗口类似。您无需手动设置它们的样式。

注意

Window 类仅在 .NET 6 或更高版本的指标和 cBot 中有效。

窗口与 WinForms 和 WPF 的优缺点

我们将简要考虑使用 Window 类与依赖 WinForms 和 WPF 的优缺点。

优点

窗口不需要完全访问权限。
窗口已经具有 cTrader 原生外观。
窗口易于使用。
无需在线程之间分派调用。

缺点

窗口只能包含自定义控件作为内容。
窗口无法像 WinForms 和 WPF 控件那样完全自定义。

创建简单窗口

首先，实例化 Window 类。然后，分配一个子控件并调用 Window.Show() 方法。

using cAlgo.API;

namespace cAlgo
{
    [Indicator(AccessRights = AccessRights.None)]
    public class WindowSample : Indicator
    {
        protected override void Initialize()
        {
            var window = new Window
            {
                Child = new TextBlock 
                {
                    Text = "Hi, This is my Window!",
                    VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment.Center,
                    HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center,
                    FontSize = 20,
                    FontWeight = FontWeight.UltraBold
                },
                Title = "My Window",
                WindowStartupLocation = WindowStartupLocation.CenterScreen,
                Topmost = true
            };

            window.Show();
        }

        public override void Calculate(int index)
        {
        }
    }
}

启动此指标的实例后，您应该会看到 cTrader 自动打开一个新窗口。

创建复杂窗口

此示例指标在单独的窗口中显示实例信息。

using cAlgo.API;
using cAlgo.API.Internals;
using System;

namespace cAlgo
{
    [Indicator(AccessRights = AccessRights.None)]
    public class WindowSample : Indicator
    {
        private TextBlock _spreadTextBlock;
        private TextBlock _bidTextBlock;
        private TextBlock _askTextBlock;
        private TextBlock _unrealizedGrossProfitTextBlock;
        private TextBlock _unrealizedNetProfitTextBlock;
        private TextBlock _timeTillOpenTextBlock;
        private TextBlock _timeTillCloseTextBlock;
        private TextBlock _isOpenedTextBlock;
        private TextBox _symbolNameTextBox;
        private Button _updateButton;
        private Style _style;
        private Grid _mainGrid;
        private Grid _infoGrid;
        private Window _window;
        private Symbol _symbol;

        protected override void Initialize()
        {
            _mainGrid = new Grid(2, 2)
            {
                BackgroundColor = Color.Gold,
                Opacity = 0.6,
                HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Stretch,
                VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment.Stretch,
            };

            _mainGrid.Rows[0].SetHeightToAuto();
            _mainGrid.Rows[1].SetHeightInStars(1);

            _style = new Style();

            _style.Set(ControlProperty.Padding, 1);
            _style.Set(ControlProperty.Margin, 2);
            _style.Set(ControlProperty.BackgroundColor, Color.Black);
            _style.Set(ControlProperty.FontSize, 12);

            _symbol = Symbol;

            _symbolNameTextBox = new TextBox
            {
                Text = _symbol.Name,
                Style = _style,
            };

            _mainGrid.AddChild(_symbolNameTextBox, 0, 0);

            _updateButton = new Button
            {
                Text = "Update",
            };

            _updateButton.Click += OnUpdateButtonClick;

            _mainGrid.AddChild(_updateButton, 0, 1);

            _infoGrid = GetSymbolDataGrid(_symbol);

            _mainGrid.AddChild(_infoGrid, 1, 0, 1, 2);

            _window = new Window
            {
                Child = _mainGrid,
                Title = "Symbol Info",
                WindowStartupLocation = WindowStartupLocation.CenterScreen,
                Topmost = true
            };

            _window.Show();

            _symbol.Tick += Symbol_Tick;

            Timer.Start(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(1));
        }

        private void OnUpdateButtonClick(ButtonClickEventArgs obj)
        {
            var symbol = Symbols.GetSymbol(_symbolNameTextBox.Text);

            if (symbol != null)
            {
                _symbol.Tick -= Symbol_Tick;

                _symbol = symbol;

                _mainGrid.RemoveChild(_infoGrid);

                _infoGrid = GetSymbolDataGrid(_symbol);

                _mainGrid.AddChild(_infoGrid, 1, 0, 1, 2);

                _symbol.Tick += Symbol_Tick;
            }
            else
            {
                _symbolNameTextBox.Text = "Invalid Symbol Name";
            }
        }

        private Grid GetSymbolDataGrid(Symbol symbol)
        {
            var grid = new Grid(24, 2)
            {
                BackgroundColor = Color.Gold,
                Opacity = 0.6,
                HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Stretch,
                VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment.Stretch
            };

            grid.AddChild(new TextBlock
            {
                Text = "Name",
                Style = _style
            }, 1, 0);
            grid.AddChild(new TextBlock
            {
                Text = symbol.Name,
                Style = _style
            }, 1, 1);

            grid.AddChild(new TextBlock
            {
                Text = "ID",
                Style = _style
            }, 2, 0);
            grid.AddChild(new TextBlock
            {
                Text = symbol.Id.ToString(),
                Style = _style
            }, 2, 1);

            grid.AddChild(new TextBlock
            {
                Text = "Digits",
                Style = _style
            }, 3, 0);
            grid.AddChild(new TextBlock
            {
                Text = symbol.Digits.ToString(),
                Style = _style
            }, 3, 1);

            grid.AddChild(new TextBlock
            {
                Text = "Description",
                Style = _style
            }, 4, 0);
            grid.AddChild(new TextBlock
            {
                Text = symbol.Description,
                Style = _style
            }, 4, 1);

            grid.AddChild(new TextBlock
            {
                Text = "Lot Size",
                Style = _style
            }, 5, 0);
            grid.AddChild(new TextBlock
            {
                Text = symbol.LotSize.ToString(),
                Style = _style
            }, 5, 1);

            grid.AddChild(new TextBlock
            {
                Text = "Pip Size",
                Style = _style
            }, 6, 0);
            grid.AddChild(new TextBlock
            {
                Text = symbol.PipSize.ToString(),
                Style = _style
            }, 6, 1);

            grid.AddChild(new TextBlock
            {
                Text = "Pip Value",
                Style = _style
            }, 7, 0);
            grid.AddChild(new TextBlock
            {
                Text = symbol.PipValue.ToString(),
                Style = _style
            }, 7, 1);

            grid.AddChild(new TextBlock
            {
                Text = "Tick Size",
                Style = _style
            }, 8, 0);
            grid.AddChild(new TextBlock
            {
                Text = symbol.TickSize.ToString(),
                Style = _style
            }, 8, 1);

            grid.AddChild(new TextBlock
            {
                Text = "Tick Value",
                Style = _style
            }, 9, 0);
            grid.AddChild(new TextBlock
            {
                Text = symbol.TickValue.ToString(),
                Style = _style
            }, 9, 1);

            grid.AddChild(new TextBlock
            {
                Text = "Volume In Units Max",
                Style = _style
            }, 10, 0);
            grid.AddChild(new TextBlock
            {
                Text = symbol.VolumeInUnitsMax.ToString(),
                Style = _style
            }, 10, 1);

            grid.AddChild(new TextBlock
            {
                Text = "Volume In Units Min",
                Style = _style
            }, 11, 0);
            grid.AddChild(new TextBlock
            {
                Text = symbol.VolumeInUnitsMin.ToString(),
                Style = _style
            }, 11, 1);

            grid.AddChild(new TextBlock
            {
                Text = "Volume In Units Step",
                Style = _style
            }, 12, 0);
            grid.AddChild(new TextBlock
            {
                Text = symbol.VolumeInUnitsStep.ToString(),
                Style = _style
            }, 12, 1);

            grid.AddChild(new TextBlock
            {
                Text = "Ask",
                Style = _style
            }, 13, 0);

            _askTextBlock = new TextBlock
            {
                Text = symbol.Ask.ToString(),
                Style = _style
            };

            grid.AddChild(_askTextBlock, 13, 1);

            grid.AddChild(new TextBlock
            {
                Text = "Bid",
                Style = _style
            }, 14, 0);

            _bidTextBlock = new TextBlock
            {
                Text = symbol.Bid.ToString(),
                Style = _style
            };

            grid.AddChild(_bidTextBlock, 14, 1);

            grid.AddChild(new TextBlock
            {
                Text = "Spread",
                Style = _style
            }, 15, 0);

            _spreadTextBlock = new TextBlock
            {
                Text = symbol.Spread.ToString(),
                Style = _style
            };

            grid.AddChild(_spreadTextBlock, 15, 1);

            grid.AddChild(new TextBlock
            {
                Text = "Unrealized Gross Profit",
                Style = _style
            }, 16, 0);

            _unrealizedGrossProfitTextBlock = new TextBlock
            {
                Text = symbol.UnrealizedGrossProfit.ToString(),
                Style = _style
            };

            grid.AddChild(_unrealizedGrossProfitTextBlock, 16, 1);

            grid.AddChild(new TextBlock
            {
                Text = "Unrealized Net Profit",
                Style = _style
            }, 17, 0);

            _unrealizedNetProfitTextBlock = new TextBlock
            {
                Text = symbol.UnrealizedNetProfit.ToString(),
                Style = _style
            };

            grid.AddChild(_unrealizedNetProfitTextBlock, 17, 1);

            grid.AddChild(new TextBlock
            {
                Text = "Time Till Open",
                Style = _style
            }, 18, 0);

            _timeTillOpenTextBlock = new TextBlock
            {
                Text = symbol.MarketHours.TimeTillOpen().ToString(),
                Style = _style
            };

            grid.AddChild(_timeTillOpenTextBlock, 18, 1);

            grid.AddChild(new TextBlock
            {
                Text = "Time Till Close",
                Style = _style
            }, 19, 0);

            _timeTillCloseTextBlock = new TextBlock
            {
                Text = symbol.MarketHours.TimeTillClose().ToString(),
                Style = _style
            };

            grid.AddChild(_timeTillCloseTextBlock, 19, 1);

            grid.AddChild(new TextBlock
            {
                Text = "Is Opened",
                Style = _style
            }, 20, 0);

            _isOpenedTextBlock = new TextBlock
            {
                Text = symbol.MarketHours.IsOpened().ToString(),
                Style = _style
            };

            grid.AddChild(_isOpenedTextBlock, 20, 1);

            grid.AddChild(new TextBlock
            {
                Text = "Trading Sessions #",
                Style = _style
            }, 21, 0);

            grid.AddChild(new TextBlock
            {
                Text = symbol.MarketHours.Sessions.Count.ToString(),
                Style = _style
            }, 21, 1);

            grid.AddChild(new TextBlock
            {
                Text = "Trading Session Week Days",
                Style = _style
            }, 22, 0);

            var weekDays = string.Empty;

            for (var iSession = 0; iSession < symbol.MarketHours.Sessions.Count; iSession++)
            {
                var currentSessionWeekDays = string.Format("{0}({1})-{2}({3})", symbol.MarketHours.Sessions[iSession].StartDay, symbol.MarketHours.Sessions[iSession].StartTime, symbol.MarketHours.Sessions[iSession].EndDay, symbol.MarketHours.Sessions[iSession].EndTime);

                weekDays = iSession == 0 ? currentSessionWeekDays : string.Format("{0}, {1}", weekDays, currentSessionWeekDays);
            }

            grid.AddChild(new TextBlock
            {
                Text = weekDays,
                Style = _style
            }, 22, 1);

            grid.AddChild(new TextBlock
            {
                Text = "Leverage Tier",
                Style = _style
            }, 23, 0);

            var leverageTiers = string.Empty;

            for (var iLeveragTier = 0; iLeveragTier < symbol.DynamicLeverage.Count; iLeveragTier++)
            {
                var currentLeverageTiers = string.Format("Volume up to {0} is {1}", symbol.DynamicLeverage[iLeveragTier].Volume, symbol.DynamicLeverage[iLeveragTier].Leverage);

                leverageTiers = iLeveragTier == 0 ? currentLeverageTiers : string.Format("{0}, {1}", leverageTiers, currentLeverageTiers);
            }

            grid.AddChild(new TextBlock
            {
                Text = leverageTiers,
                Style = _style
            }, 23, 1);

            return grid;
        }

        private void Symbol_Tick(SymbolTickEventArgs obj)
        {
            _askTextBlock.Text = obj.Symbol.Ask.ToString();
            _bidTextBlock.Text = obj.Symbol.Bid.ToString();
            _spreadTextBlock.Text = obj.Symbol.Spread.ToString();
            _unrealizedGrossProfitTextBlock.Text = obj.Symbol.UnrealizedGrossProfit.ToString();
            _unrealizedNetProfitTextBlock.Text = obj.Symbol.UnrealizedNetProfit.ToString();
        }

        protected override void OnTimer()
        {
            _timeTillOpenTextBlock.Text = _symbol.MarketHours.TimeTillOpen().ToString();
            _timeTillCloseTextBlock.Text = _symbol.MarketHours.TimeTillClose().ToString();
            _isOpenedTextBlock.Text = _symbol.MarketHours.IsOpened().ToString();
        }

        public override void Calculate(int index)
        {
        }
    }
}